A
The process of simulating stubble burning entirely inside a computer laboratory
B
The process of collecting direct physical measurement data on the ground to calibrate and validate remote sensing satellite data
C
A method of measuring black carbon exclusively through stratospheric weather balloons
D
The legal verification of land ownership before issuing penalties for crop residue burning
Correct answer: (b) The process of collecting direct physical measurement data on the ground to calibrate and validate remote sensing satellite data
Explanation
Ground truthing refers to collecting direct physical measurement data on the ground to calibrate and validate remote sensing satellite data. The other options misrepresent this technical validation process.
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