Which of the following factors contributed to the formation of the Forward Bloc by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939?1.Bose failed to win the confidence of Mahatma Gandhi.2.The Congress Left was disunited and failed to support Bose.3.The Communists did not support Bose in his endeavours.4.The supporters of M.N. Roy and socialist leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan preferred Congress unity to supporting Bose. Select the answer using the code given below:

1. A

   1, 2 and 3

   This option includes statements 1, 2, and 3, but statement 4 is also correct regarding the political stance of M.N. Roy's supporters and socialist leaders, making this choice incorrect.

2. B

   1, 2 and 4

   This option includes statements 1, 2, and 4. Statement 2 claims the Congress Left was disunited and failed to support Bose, but the Congress Left (such as the Congress Socialist Party and Communists) had varying positions; specifically, the Communists did not support him after a certain shift, making this choice incorrect.

3. C

   1, 3 and 4

   (x) Official key: 1, 3 and 4. This option is correct because Subhas Chandra Bose failed to secure Mahatma Gandhi's confidence after his re-election at Tripuri, the Communists shifted their stance and did not support him during this phase, and M.N. Roy's supporters along with socialists like Jayaprakash Narayan prioritized maintaining overall Congress unity over breaking away with Bose.

4. D

   2 and 4 only

   This option leaves out statement 1, which is historically incorrect because Bose's rift with Gandhi and failure to win his confidence was a primary catalyst for his resignation and the formation of the Forward Bloc, making this choice incorrect.

Summary. Official key is (c). The formation of the Forward Bloc in 1939 was driven by Bose's alienation from the Gandhian leadership, the lack of support from the Communists, and the refusal of Royists and mainstream socialists to fracture the Congress organisation.