Correct answer: (d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Explanation
- A
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II explains Statement-I
Both correct and II explains I. The atmosphere is heated more by terrestrial long-wave radiation, not by incoming solar.
- B
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
Both correct but II does not explain I. Statement-I is false.
- C
Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
I correct, II incorrect. I is the false limb; greenhouse gases do absorb long-wave.
- D
Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
I incorrect, II correct. Earth heats the air; CO2 and other GHGs absorb outgoing long-wave.
Summary. Official key is (d). Incoming solar radiation is mostly short-wave; the air is relatively transparent to it. The surface absorbs sunlight and radiates long-wave infrared, which greenhouse gases absorb — that is how the troposphere is heated. Statement-I reverses the mechanism. Statement-II is true and does not rescue I.
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