With reference to the writs, issued by the Courts in India, consider the following statements:1.Mandamus will not lie against a private organisation unless it is entrusted with a public duty.2.Mandamus will not lie against a Company even though it may be a Government Company.3.Any public minded person can be a petitioner to move the Court to obtain the writ of Quo Warranto.Which of the statements given above are correct?

1. A

   1 and 2 only

   1 and 2 only. Quo warranto as a public-interest writ also holds in this key.

2. B

   2 and 3 only

   2 and 3 only. Mandamus and public duty is the first limb.

3. C

   1 and 3 only

   1 and 3 only. Statement 2 is also keyed correct.

4. D

   1, 2 and 3

   All three. Mandamus needs a public duty (not a purely private body). It is not used against a company as such even if government-owned, absent that duty. Quo warranto can be moved by a public-minded person.

Summary. Official key is (d) all three. Mandamus issues for a public legal duty, so a private body is reached only if such a duty is laid on it. A government company is still a company for this purpose unless a public duty is shown. Quo warranto to test a public office can be sought by a member of the public.