With reference to Mughal India, what is/are the difference/differences between Jagirdar and Zamindar?1.Jagirdars were holders or land assignments in lieu of judicial and police duties, whereas Zamindars were holders of revenue rights without obligation to perform any duty other than revenue collection.2.Land assignments to Jagirdars were hereditary and revenue rights or Zamindars were not hereditary.Select the correct answer using the code given below

1. A

   1 only

   (a) 1 only. Statement 1 claims jagirdars held land for judicial and police duties while zamindars only collected revenue. In Mughal practice a jagir was a transferable revenue assignment in lieu of military (mansab) service, and zamindars were hereditary intermediaries who also owed local order; the duty-split in statement 1 is therefore not the official distinction, so 1 only is not the key.

2. B

   2 only

   (b) 2 only. Statement 2 says jagir assignments were hereditary and zamindari rights were not. The reverse is nearer the record: jagirs were generally transferable and not hereditary, while zamindari rights commonly passed in the family. Statement 2 therefore fails, and 2 only is not the key.

3. C

   Both 1 and 2

   (c) Both 1 and 2. That code needs both statements true. Statement 1 misstates jagirdar duties, and statement 2 reverses heredity, so both-true is not the key.

4. D

   Neither 1 nor 2

   (d) Neither 1 nor 2. Jagirdars held temporary revenue assignments against mansab/military obligation, not a judicial-police land grant as statement 1 puts it. Zamindars were hereditary landed intermediaries, so statement 2’s heredity swap is false. With both statements out, neither 1 nor 2 is the official key.

Summary. Official key is (d) neither 1 nor 2. In Mughal India a jagir was a transferable revenue assignment tied to a mansab, not a hereditary estate given for police and judicial work. Zamindars were local hereditary intermediaries with a claim on a share of produce and customary local duties, not revenue-only collectors without any other obligation. Statement 1 therefore draws the wrong duty line, and statement 2 reverses which right was hereditary. Honour the stored letter (d).