Correct answer: (b) 3 only
Explanation
- A
1 and 2 only
(a) 1 and 2 only. Organic matter increases, rather than drastically reduces, water-holding capacity, so statement 1 is false. Soils are active in the sulphur cycle (organic S, sulphate, microbes), so statement 2 is false. This option is not the key.
- B
3 only
(b) 3 only. Prolonged irrigation in arid and semi-arid tracts brings dissolved salts that accumulate when evapotranspiration exceeds leaching—secondary salinisation. That is statement 3, and it is the only correct statement. This option is the official key.
- C
1 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only. Statement 3 is true, but statement 1 reverses the role of humus. This option is not the key.
- D
1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3. Two of the three statements are false. This option is not the key.
Summary. Official key is (b) 3 only. Humus raises a soil’s water-holding capacity, so statement 1 is backwards. Sulphur cycles through soil organic matter and sulphate ions, so statement 2 is false. Irrigation without adequate drainage does salinise land over time, which is statement 3. Only that statement survives. The WRAP key is (b).
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