Correct answer: (b) Connecting institutions of higher education with local communities to address development challenges through appropriate technologies.
Explanation
- A
Achieving 100% literacy by promoting collaboration between voluntary organizations and government's education system and local communities.
100 percent literacy through voluntary organisations describes adult-literacy / Saakshar Bharat-type aims, not Unnat Bharat Abhiyan. This option is not the key.
- B
Connecting institutions of higher education with local communities to address development challenges through appropriate technologies.
Unnat Bharat Abhiyan links higher-education institutions with nearby villages so that faculty and students help solve rural development problems with appropriate technologies. That is the official key.
- C
Strengthening India's scientific research institutions in order to make India a scientific and technological power.
Strengthening elite scientific labs to make India a science power is more CSIR/DST/IMPRINT language, not UBA’s village-connect mandate. This option is therefore wrong.
- D
Developing human capital by allocating special funds for health care and education of rural and urban poor, and organizing skill development programmes and vocational training for them.
Special funds for health, education and vocational training of the poor is a human-capital mission sketch, not the UBA design. This option is not the key.
Summary. Official key is (b). Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (MHRD/MoE, coordinated at IIT Delhi) twins colleges and universities with clusters of villages. The method is participatory rural appraisal plus appropriate technology, not a literacy target or a pure lab-power agenda. Options (a), (c) and (d) describe other social or S&T programmes. Only (b) is UBA.
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