In India, Judicial Review implies

1. A

   the power of the Judiciary to pronounce upon the constitutionality of laws and executive orders.

   Judicial review in India is the power of constitutional courts to strike down laws and executive acts that violate the Constitution. Constitutionality, not legislative wisdom, is the test. That is the official key.

2. B

   the power of the Judiciary to question the wisdom of the laws enacted by the Legislatures.

   Courts do not sit in appeal over whether a policy is wise if it is otherwise constitutional. Questioning wisdom is the political process. This option is not the key.

3. C

   the power of the Judiciary to review all the legislative enactments before they are assented to by the President.

   There is no routine pre-enactment judicial clearance of every Bill before the President’s assent. Review is ordinarily after a law exists and is challenged. This option is therefore wrong.

4. D

   the power of the Judiciary to review its own judgements given earlier in similar or different cases.

   A court revisiting its own earlier rulings is prospective overruling or a larger bench, not the definition of judicial review of legislation. This option is not the key.

Summary. Official key is (a) the power of the Judiciary to pronounce upon the constitutionality of laws and executive orders. Indian judicial review rests on a written Constitution, fundamental rights and Articles 13, 32 and 226. Wisdom of policy, prior assent-vetting of all Bills, and intra-court overruling are different ideas. Only (a) is judicial review as asked.