Correct answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation
- A
1 only
The International Solar Alliance was launched by India and France at the UNFCCC COP-21 in Paris in 2015. Statement 1 is therefore correct. Statement 2 is not: membership was originally for countries lying fully or partly between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, not every UN member. 1 only is the official key.
- B
2 only
Statement 2 alone would treat ISA as a UN-universal body. That was not the founding rule. 2 only is wrong.
- C
Both 1 and 2
Both would require all UN members to be included. They were not, so both is not the key.
- D
Neither 1 nor 2
Neither would deny the Paris 2015 launch, which is correct. This option is therefore wrong.
Summary. Official key is (a) 1 only. ISA was unveiled at COP-21 as a coalition of sunshine countries to promote solar generation and lower technology costs. Headquarters is at Gurugram (National Institute of Solar Energy campus). It is a treaty-based international organisation, later opened more widely, but the 2016 exam statement that it includes all UN members is false. Only the launch statement stands.
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