The ideal of 'Welfare State' in the Indian Constitution is enshrined in its

1. A

   Preamble

   The Preamble states justice, equality and related ideals, but the operational ‘welfare State’ programme—livelihood, health, education, living wage—is elaborated in the Directive Principles. This option is not the key.

2. B

   Directive Principles of State Policy

   Part IV Directive Principles of State Policy commit the State to social and economic welfare: adequate livelihood, equal pay, public health, education, nutrition and reduction of inequality. That is the constitutional home of the welfare-State ideal. This option is the official key.

3. C

   Fundamental Rights

   Fundamental Rights are primarily civil-political guarantees (with some socio-economic content such as 21 and 21A). They are not the charter of the welfare State as a whole. This option is therefore wrong.

4. D

   Seventh Schedule

   The Seventh Schedule distributes legislative subjects; it does not enshrine the welfare-State ideal. This option is not the key.

Summary. Official key is (b) Directive Principles of State Policy. Article 38 asks the State to secure a social order for welfare. Preamble ideals are prefatory; rights are justiciable limits; the Seventh Schedule is a list of heads of law. Granville Austin’s ‘common social revolution’ reading points to Part IV. Only DPSPs fit.